Menene Ma'anar Software - Part 1

Software waɗansu rubutu na umarni ne da
ake yi domin su iya sarrafa Hardware ko
kuma su umurci kwamfuta yin wani abu ko
kuma barin wani abu, wanda a Ingilishi ake
cewa “Software is a set of instruction that
control hardware or tells computer what to
do”. Idan babu software, hardware ko kuma
kwamfuta ba ta da wani amfani. Misali idan
babu Browser a jikin kwamfuta babu yadda za
ka yi ka buɗe wani shafi a intanet, haka idan
babu babbar manhajar kwamfuta Operating
System babu yadda za a yi ita birauzar ta iya
hawa kan wannan kwamfutar sannan har kai
ka iya ɗaukarta ka yi aiki da ita.
Keyboard da mouse da suke aiki da
kwamfutarka ba su sami damar yin aikin ba
sai bayan da aka saka musu manhajar su
wacce take sarrafa su, haka hatta wayoyinmu
da muke iya amfani da su wajen yin kira,
rubuta wasiƙu, ɗaukar hoto duk da babu
software da ba za su yi aiki ba.
Shi ya sa muka kira software da Manhajar
Kwamfuta domin kasancewar ita ke sarrafa
dukkan wani abu da ke ciki, da kuma wajen
kwamfutar.
Shi ya sa muka kira software da Manhajar
Kwamfuta domin kasancewar ita ke sarrafa
dukkan wani abu da ke ciki, da kuma wajen
kwamfutar.
Karkasuwar Software
Ga al’ada a na kasa Software kashi biyu,
akwai System Software da kuma Application
Software.
Mene ne System Software?
System Software shi ne muke kira da babbar
manhaja wadda ita ce kwamfuta ke buƙata da
farko domin ta sarrafa dukkan wani kayan
lantarki da ake saka mata da kuma waɗansu
kananan manhajoji da mutum yake buƙata ya
yi amfani da su a cikin ita kwamfutar.
Shi ya sa system software suke kiranshi a
Turance da “Set of Instruction that control
Hardware” kenan System Software shi ke
sarrafa dukkan wani Harware da ke jikin
kwamfuta, waɗanda suka haɗa da Operating
System, da Drivers da su suke sarrafa
hardware da kuma irin su Linkers da
Debuggers. Haka System Software yana
sarrafa dukkan wani Software da kwamfuta
take buƙatar shi da kuma wanda ɗan adam
ya ke buƙata domin yin amfani da su. Shi ya
sa shi kanshi System Software ya kasu gida
biyu.
Karkasuwar System Software
System Software ana iya kasa shi gida uku
1. Operaating System
2. Utility Software
3. Device Driver
Operating System
Operating System ko kuma ka kira shi da OS,
shi ne software da ya fi kowanne mahimmanci
a cikin kwamfutarka, kowace irin kwamfuta da
muke amfani da ita da ƙananan na’urori irin
su wayoyi dukkansu suna buƙatar Operating
System domin su yi aiki. Da Operating System
ne sauran Software ko Program na kwamfuta
suke yin aiki. Shi ya sanya babu wata na’ura
da za ta yi aiki face sai ana saka mata OS a
kanta. Misalin kwamfutocin da muka fi amfani
da su a Afirka ana saka musu Operating
System da kamfanin Microsoft suke yi, wato
Windows. Akwai kuma kwamfutar da kamfanin
Apple suke yinta wacce ake saka mata
Operating System mai suna Mac OS, da kuma
wayoyin komai-da-ruwanka da ake saka musu
OS na Android ko kuma iPhone da ake saka
mata iOS.
Kaɗan daga cikin aikin da Operating System
yake yi shi ne.
• Fahimtar saƙon da ake turowa cikin
kwamfutar kamar rubutu da keyboard.
• Fitar da abin da ke faruwa a cikin kwamfuta
kamar bayyanar da abu a jikin monitor.
• Ajiya da kuma lura da takardu da kundin
ajiyar ayyuka a cikin kwamfuta.
• Sarrafa kayan lantarkin da suke wajen
System Unit kamar su printer da mouse da
makamantansu.
Domin samun cigaban wannan rubutu sai ku
biyomu a darasa na 2