Menene Ma’anar Software - Part 2

Yau Insha Allah xamu dora daga inda muka
tsaya. Munyi bayani akan #menene ma’anar
software, #Karkasuwar Software, #Mene ne
System Software, #Karkasuwar System
Software, har muka dasa aya akan #Operating
System. Zamu cigaba da bayani….
Duk da cewar akwai ayyuka masu yawa da
Operating System yake yi, sai dai waɗannan
sune kusan manyan aikin da aka fi faɗa. Shi
kanshi operating system ɗin ya kasu kashi
wurin shida dangane da irin yadda yake yin
ayyukanshi.

Ga jerin OS shida(6) da kuma irin ayyukan da
kowanne daga cikinsu ya keɓanta da shi.
1. Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)
wannan shi aikin da yake yi shi ne gabatar da
komai a lokacin da abu yake faruwa, irin
wannan OS ɗin amfi amfani da shi a cikin
Mutum-mutumi (robot) kamarar ɗaukar hoto
mai motsi ko maras motsi (Camera) da irin
kayan wasanni na gani na faɗa (Complex
Multimedia Systems), haka da kayan da ake
amfani da su wurin musayar bayanai irin na
sojoji da makamantansu. Shi yasa a wani
lokaci ake danganta shi da Embeded Operating
System.
2. Multi-User Operating System
Irin waɗannan OS ɗin su suna bai wa mutane
da yawa damar yin amfani da kwamfuta guda
ɗaya a lokaci guda, shi ya sa kwamfutoci irin
su Time-Sharing System da Internet Server
ake danganta su da Multi-User Operating
System saboda baiwa dubunnan mutane
damar yin amfani da kwamfuta ɗaya a lokaci
guda.
3. Single-Tasking da Multi-Tasking OS
Single Tasking Operating System yana barin
manhaja (Program) guda ɗaya ne kacal ta yi
aiki a jikin kwamfuta, duk lokacin da aka tashi
program guda to babu damar wani program
ɗin ya tashi dole sai idan an kashe na farko.
Multi-Tasking OS shi kum yana bai wa
kwamfuta damar ta iya amfani da program
fiye da guda a lokaci guda, ba kamar Single
Tasking ba.
4. Distributed OS: Shi Distributed
Operating System
yana tattara kwamfutoci masu yawa wuri
guda ɗaya ne ya sanya mutum ya riƙa yin
amfani da su a matsayin kwamfuta guda
ɗaya. Misalin kwamfutocin da aka haɗa su a
Network suna yin aiki ne a matsayin
Distributed Operating System.
5. Templated OS
Shi kuma wannan Operating System ɗin ana
amfani da shi ne a lokacin da ake son yin
amfani da kwamfuta guda
amma kuma a ba ta dama ta yi amfani da
Operating System fiye da ɗaya. Misali kamar
Cloud Computing wanda asali kwamfuta guda
ɗaya ce amma kuma aka ɗora mata wani OS
wanda zai ba mutum damar ya saka wani
operating System saɓanin wanda yake kanta.
Haka tsarin Virtualization na computer shi ma
yana amfani da irin wannan OS ɗin ne.
6. Embeded OS
Shi wannan Embeded OS wani Babbar
Manhaja ce ta musamman da aka yi ta domin
yin amfani da babbar kwamfuta a katafaren
wuri. Misali duk kwamfutar da aka saka mata
irin wannan OS ɗin za ka samu wani yanki ne
na wata kwamfuta, ko kuma akwai wata
kwamfuta ta musamman da take sarrafa ita
wannan kwamfutar da kake gani. Misali
kamar mashin da yake bada kuɗi ATM,
Kwamfutocin cikin mota, Wuta mai bada
hannu ta kan titi
(Traffic Lights), Talabijin (Digital Television),
GPS Navigation System, Elevators da dai
makamantansu.
Waɗannan dukkansu guda shida(6) da na
lissafo ana magana ne da yadda ita wannan
babar manhajar take yin aiki. Shi ya sa
waɗannan manhajoji ba za ka je kasu wa ka
ce a baka Real-Time OS ba, domin ba a sansu
da wannan
suna ba. Duk wani kwamfuta da ake amfani
da ita zaka samu Operating System a cikinta
amma kuma dole wannan Operating System
ɗin ta haɗa
ɗayan waɗancan ayyukan, sannan kuma dole
a samu kamfani da ya ƙera wannan Babbar
Manhaja kuma da irin aikin da suka zaɓa
mata ta yi.